Show Me the Money! Ireland’s National Development Plan 2021 – 2030
On 4 October 2021, the Government published its most climate-action focused blueprint for public expenditure.1 The National Development Plan (“NDP”) 2021 –2030 is an early update to the 2018 NDP, as promised in the Programme for Government in October 2020. Below, we consider the key financial commitments made in the NDP for transport, housing, energy and finance.
Background
The 2018 NDP was published alongside the National Planning Framework as part of Project Ireland 2040. While the National Planning Framework describes the Government’s overarching spatial strategy and national plan for sustainable development until 2040,2 the NDP is its accompanying financial and budgetary plan. It sets out the framework and broad direction for investment priorities and provides indicative Exchequer allocations3 to support the delivery of projects to further the ten National Strategic Outcomes (“NSOs”) identified in the National Planning Framework:
- Compact Growth
- Enhanced Regional Accessibility
- Strengthened Rural Economies and Communities
- Sustainable Mobility
- A Strong Economy, supported by Enterprise, Innovation and Skills
- High-Quality International Connectivity
- Enhanced Amenity and Heritage
- Transition to a Climate-Neutral and Climate Resilient Society
- Sustainable Management of Water and other Environmental Resources
- Access to Quality Childcare, Education and Health Services
In October 2020, the Government pledged to review and extend the funding detailed in the NDP to further support public transport projects enhancing regional and rural connectivity; facilitate investment in ports and infrastructure; and support retrofitting in schools.
The revised NDP (2021 – 2030) does this and more. It pledges to allocate public investment of €165 billion across all sectors and regions of Ireland. It provides details of the public money pledged to support the Housing for All Strategy (and increase the supply of new housing up to an average of 33,000 per year to 2030).4 It also describes the initial investment promised to support Ireland’s transition to a “climate resilient, biodiversity rich, environmentally sustainable and climate neutral economy” by 2050.5 Below we consider the key financial pledges made for transport, housing and energy.
Transport
The NDP (2021 – 2030) provides a €35 billion transport-system investment package to enhance public transport, active travel options and the connectivity of communities. It lists the following key transport- related strategic investment priorities under various NSO headings:
Transport-Related Strategic Investment Priorities | |
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NSO 2: Enhanced Regional Accessibility |
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NSO 4: Sustainable Mobility |
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NSO 6: High Quality International Connectivity |
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Housing
The NDP promises to support an average of 33,000 homes per annum to 2030 (including an average of 10,000 new social homes and 6,000 affordable homes each year) with a €4 billion annual spend between 2021 and 2025. Much of the discussion reflects pledges made in the Government’s Housing for all Strategy. Below are three of the core Strategic Investment Priorities, identified by the Government:
Housing-Related Strategic Investment Priorities | |
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NSO 1: Compact Growth |
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Energy
The NDP provides for unprecedented investment in climate action, earmarking specific investment for low-carbon, resilient electricity systems; energy infrastructure and energy efficient housing. It pledges between €100m-€250m to the Enhanced Rehabilitation of Bord na Móna Peatlands; and €1bn+ to the Celtic Interconnector. It lists the following core Strategic Investment Priorities:
Energy-Related Strategic Investment Priorities | |
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NSO 6: High Quality International Connectivity |
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NSO 8: Transition to a Climate-Neutral and Climate-Resilient Society |
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Finance
Public Spending Code
The Public Spending Code is the tool used by Government to evaluate projects. The NDP identifies the critical need for that tool to provide “a realistic assessment of the likely climate and environmental consequences of the Government investment decisions”. It expressly specifies that the cost benefit analysis will need to include an assessment of the net impact on greenhouse gas emissions, which will then be priced in.
In this way, environmental outcomes are expressly included as a factor to be included in the assessment of any project.
PPPs/other forms of contract
The NDP has committed to increasing the use of Public Private Partnerships (PPP), by examining the possible disincentives currently in policy around the uptake of further PPP commitments, in circumstances where they represent value for money. Furthermore, the NDP sets out a commitment to explore Energy Performance Contracts, whereby an Energy Performance Company delivers an energy efficiency project, in return for an agreed proportion of the resulting energy bill savings accrued as a result of the work.
Conclusion
The revised NDP (2021 – 2030) is fundamentally a high-level financial and budgetary plan, which sets out the framework and broad direction for investment priorities. It includes Exchequer allocations for Departments for the period 2021-2025 to support the delivery of the ten national strategic outcomes identified in the National Planning Framework. The revised NDP (2021 – 2030) is both ambitious and substantial, and signals a clear response to the challenges posed by the current housing and climate crises.
Also contributed by Sam McMahon
- Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, ‘National Development Plan 2021-2030’ (published 4 October 2021)
- Chapter IIA of the Planning and Development Act 2000 (as amended).
- See table 5.1 on page 52, providing categories of estimated project cost ranges.
- Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, ‘Housing for All – a New Housing Plan for Ireland’ (published 2 September 2021)
- The objective set by section 5 of the Climate Action and Low Carbon Development (Amendment) Act 2021, and commenced on 7 September 2021.
- Further detail will soon be available on public transport priorities when the (i) Metropolitan Area Transport Strategies; and the Department of Transport’s (ii) Sustainable Mobility Policy; and (iii) National Investment Framework for Transport in Ireland (NIFTI) are published. The latter will set out the prioritisation for future investment in the land transport network to support the delivery of the NSOs. TII is also developing a National Cycling Network Strategy, which may also frame further priorities.
This document has been prepared by McCann FitzGerald LLP for general guidance only and should not be regarded as a substitute for professional advice. Such advice should always be taken before acting on any of the matters discussed.
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